| Description |

| Operation Principle |


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(1) Low Speed / Low Load |
(2) Part Load |
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(3) Low Speed / High Load |
(4) High Speed / High Load |
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Driving Condition |
Exhaust Valve |
Intake Valve |
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|
Valve Timing |
Effect |
Valve Timing |
Effect |
|
|
(1) Low Speed /Low Load |
Completely Advance |
* Valve Under-lap * Improvement of combustion stability |
Completely Retard |
* Valve Under-lap * Improvement of combustion stability |
|
(2) Part Load |
Retard |
* Increase of expansion work * Reduction of pumping loss * Reduction of HC |
Retard |
* Reduction of pumping loss |
|
(3) Low Speed /High Load |
Retard |
* Increase of expansion work |
Advance |
* Prevention of intake back flow (Improvement of volumetric efficiency) |
|
(4) High Speed /High Load |
Advance |
* Reduction of pumping loss |
Retard |
* Improvement of volumetric efficiency |
Description The catalytic converter of the gasoline engine is a three way catalyst. It oxidizes carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons (HC), and separates oxygen from the oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
Diagnosis With GDS 1. The heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be quickly diagnosed failed parts with vehicle diagnostic system (GDS). ※ The diagnostic system (GDS) provides the following information.